In
the production of fricatives, air passes out through a narrow passage f.mp3ed
by a constriction in the vocal tract which produces the friction. In Kashmiri,
there are four fricatives. Three of these s,  ,
and h, are voiceless; the fourth, z is voiced. These sounds are
similar to those in the following Hindi-Urdu words: sa:th 'with', 
'evening', ha:th 'hand', and za:lim 'cruel'. The initial sounds
in the English words son, shock, hand and zebra
are also similar to Kashmiri s, ,
h and z respectively.
The fricative sounds occur at the
following places of articulation: (alveolar) s and z, (palato-alveolar) ,
and (glottal) h.
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Introduction
