NOTES

• The Kashmiris are essentially rice eaters and non-vegetarians. The daily food of a typical Kashmiri consists of   'rice',   (leafy vegetable, 'collard'), sometimes neni 'mutton', and occasionally an additional vegetable. The  is cooked with a considerable quantity of water. This water is called ras. The ras serves as a very thin gravy with which rice is eaten. In , wheat is eaten mainly in the f.mp3 of cakes and bread to go with tea. Rice is replaced by wheat in a regular meal (usually in the f.mp3 of chapati 'Indian bread') only on medical advice or when rice is in short supply.
• As stated earlier, neni (Muslim Kashmiri   or ma:z) generally means mutton.
• The main Kashmiri vegetables are the following:
•   (the stem of the Nymphaea lotus) is cooked in several ways, e.g., ;
• is an essential part of Kashmiri food. It is boiled in a great quantity of water with very few spices;
•   (turnips) is the main root vegetable during the winter. It is prepared as several kinds of dishes, e.g., ; and
• o:lav (potatoes) are the main ingredient in the well-known Kashmiri dish   (Hindi dama:lu:).